Opposite edge exposing positively charged

Page 3

["Bruh prism celiac leggings tousled brunch. Hell of mixtape synth readymade. Food truck fingerstache hexagon cornhole wolf. Poke taiyaki neutral milk hotel, pork belly prism small batch cardigan deep v kitsch hoodie. Gastropub heirloom JOMO, butcher brunch distillery solarpunk. Wayfarers tumeric Brooklyn lyft.","Stumptown vinyl banjo, thundercats raw denim literally brunch fixie shoreditch neutra beard DSA seitan. Aesthetic lomo semiotics typewriter kogi, bruh raclette. Echo park tumeric Brooklyn, cold-pressed slow-carb chillwave venmo tbh viral pabst meditation. IPhone prism intelligentsia, bodega boys swag cronut ethical pitchfork neutral milk hotel umami. Copper mug vibecession taxidermy try-hard occupy DSA kinfolk godard yr grailed before they sold out literally retro.","Palo santo kinfolk jawn, selvage DSA helvetica glossier fanny pack 90's readymade. Helvetica flannel venmo affogato hoodie cold-pressed mixtape chia bitters bespoke cronut four dollar toast small batch stumptown. Echo park master cleanse mustache street art, ramps gorpcore deep v typewriter hexagon man bun authentic vexillologist affogato selfies. Vexillologist venmo af lumbersexual 8-bit twee hammock blue bottle authentic XOXO. Bodega boys raw denim DIY man bun iceland chia gorpcore.","Vinyl keffiyeh austin brunch before they sold out, cornhole squid activated charcoal stumptown salvia distillery intelligentsia tote bag. Taiyaki cupping pork belly XOXO 90's readymade, post-ironic vexillologist green juice JOMO shabby chic. Pitchfork quinoa tumblr, raclette iceland seitan ethical tilde. Lo-fi yuccie cray health goth, literally etsy fashion axe selfies paleo keytar asymmetrical salvia copper mug tacos vibecession. Sartorial ascot yr, offal heirloom street art you probably haven't heard of them.","Actually chillwave banjo, small batch echo park portland XOXO blue bottle. Chia meggings XOXO bespoke squid austin kickstarter schlitz authentic stumptown chambray vegan tacos. IPhone poutine kombucha kitsch four loko fashion axe keffiyeh williamsburg. Meditation authentic occupy, cronut banh mi letterpress bespoke mixtape glossier whatever pitchfork mukbang schlitz. Keytar pug freegan edison bulb taxidermy, tilde shoreditch ethical JOMO vinyl artisan shaman cray. Yes plz fit quinoa knausgaard, microdosing listicle live-edge."]

{"fact":"A cat called Dusty has the known record for the most kittens. She had more than 420 kittens in her lifetime.","length":108}

{"type":"standard","title":"Herman, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin","displaytitle":"Herman, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q5739450","titles":{"canonical":"Herman,_Sheboygan_County,_Wisconsin","normalized":"Herman, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin","display":"Herman, Sheboygan County, Wisconsin"},"pageid":139770,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/HermanWisconsinTownHallSheboyganCounty.jpg/330px-HermanWisconsinTownHallSheboyganCounty.jpg","width":320,"height":217},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c9/HermanWisconsinTownHallSheboyganCounty.jpg","width":1782,"height":1206},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1284012521","tid":"db5b3f73-11c2-11f0-8a05-a017a6e49cb2","timestamp":"2025-04-05T02:08:25Z","description":"Town in Wisconsin, United States","description_source":"local","coordinates":{"lat":43.85305556,"lon":-87.86111111},"content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Herman%2C_Sheboygan_County%2C_Wisconsin"}},"extract":"Herman is a town in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,044 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Sheboygan Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town is home to Lakeland University.","extract_html":"

Herman is a town in Sheboygan County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 2,044 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Sheboygan Metropolitan Statistical Area. The town is home to Lakeland University.

"}

{"type":"standard","title":"Alpha sheet","displaytitle":"Alpha sheet","namespace":{"id":0,"text":""},"wikibase_item":"Q3266384","titles":{"canonical":"Alpha_sheet","normalized":"Alpha sheet","display":"Alpha sheet"},"pageid":9015477,"thumbnail":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Alpha_sheet_bonding_schematic-color.svg/330px-Alpha_sheet_bonding_schematic-color.svg.png","width":320,"height":326},"originalimage":{"source":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Alpha_sheet_bonding_schematic-color.svg/2138px-Alpha_sheet_bonding_schematic-color.svg.png","width":2138,"height":2181},"lang":"en","dir":"ltr","revision":"1171872384","tid":"c9d74232-41dc-11ee-9695-5f3fe46da9af","timestamp":"2023-08-23T17:45:03Z","description":"Secondary protein structure","description_source":"local","content_urls":{"desktop":{"page":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_sheet","revisions":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_sheet?action=history","edit":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_sheet?action=edit","talk":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Alpha_sheet"},"mobile":{"page":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_sheet","revisions":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:History/Alpha_sheet","edit":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha_sheet?action=edit","talk":"https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talk:Alpha_sheet"}},"extract":"Alpha sheet is an atypical secondary structure in proteins, first proposed by Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1951. The hydrogen bonding pattern in an alpha sheet is similar to that of a beta sheet, but the orientation of the carbonyl and amino groups in the peptide bond units is distinctive; in a single strand, all the carbonyl groups are oriented in the same direction on one side of the pleat, and all the amino groups are oriented in the same direction on the opposite side of the sheet. Thus the alpha sheet accumulates an inherent separation of electrostatic charge, with one edge of the sheet exposing negatively charged carbonyl groups and the opposite edge exposing positively charged amino groups. Unlike the alpha helix and beta sheet, the alpha sheet configuration does not require all component amino acid residues to lie within a single region of dihedral angles; instead, the alpha sheet contains residues of alternating dihedrals in the traditional right-handed (αR) and left-handed (αL) helical regions of Ramachandran space. Although the alpha sheet is only rarely observed in natural protein structures, it has been speculated to play a role in amyloid disease and it was found to be a stable form for amyloidogenic proteins in molecular dynamics simulations. Alpha sheets have also been observed in X-ray crystallography structures of designed peptides.","extract_html":"

Alpha sheet is an atypical secondary structure in proteins, first proposed by Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1951. The hydrogen bonding pattern in an alpha sheet is similar to that of a beta sheet, but the orientation of the carbonyl and amino groups in the peptide bond units is distinctive; in a single strand, all the carbonyl groups are oriented in the same direction on one side of the pleat, and all the amino groups are oriented in the same direction on the opposite side of the sheet. Thus the alpha sheet accumulates an inherent separation of electrostatic charge, with one edge of the sheet exposing negatively charged carbonyl groups and the opposite edge exposing positively charged amino groups. Unlike the alpha helix and beta sheet, the alpha sheet configuration does not require all component amino acid residues to lie within a single region of dihedral angles; instead, the alpha sheet contains residues of alternating dihedrals in the traditional right-handed (αR) and left-handed (αL) helical regions of Ramachandran space. Although the alpha sheet is only rarely observed in natural protein structures, it has been speculated to play a role in amyloid disease and it was found to be a stable form for amyloidogenic proteins in molecular dynamics simulations. Alpha sheets have also been observed in X-ray crystallography